The Gall Bladder is the organ which stores bile. Occasionally there is a swelling of the gallbladder for a number of reasons because of that abdominal pain, vomiting, and loss of appetite symptoms appear. Let’s find out now about the gallbladder and cholecystitis acute and its causes.
What is gallbladder? (Pittashay meaning in english)
The Gall Bladder is a pear-shaped organ. The gallbladder (Pittashay in english) is normally located under the liver on the right side of the abdomen. The gallbladder stores bile which is necessary for digestion of food. Bile from the gallbladder enters the small intestine through the gallbladder.
What is cholecystitis acute?
Cholecystitis acute is an inflammation of the gallbladder. In this disease, the bile entering the small intestine stops for some reason and accumulates in the gallbladder, causing inflammation of the gallbladder and infection.
What causes cholecystitis acute?
Cholecystitis acute is a condition in which gallstones often get stuck in the bile ducts which carry bile to the small intestine. Cholesterol in the gallbladder causes cholesterol stones and these stones are hard and insoluble.
Cholecystitis can also be caused by an injury to the bile duct that causes the gallbladder to get inflamed due to injury caused by gallstones.
What are the types of cholecystitis?
- Acute cholecystitis – When the gallbladder becomes inflamed in a short time, it is called cholecystitis acute.
- Chronic cholecystitis – When the gallbladder becomes inflamed in a few weeks and months, it is called cholecystitis chronic. In such case, the gallbladder slowly get inflamed.
What are the symptoms of cholecystitis acute?
The most important symptom is pain in the upper right side of the abdomen. This pain is increase and decrease from time to time. This pain also spreads to the right shoulder in the waist. Stomach pain often appears 6 hours after a meal.
Fever, nausea and vomiting, yellowing of the body and eyes.
What increases the risk of gallstones?
- Eating fatty food
- Being overweight
- During pregnancy
- If you have lost a lot of weight
What are the complications of cholecystitis acute?
- Inflammation of the gallbladder causes bile to accumulate in the gallbladder and cause infection.
- In some cases, the gallbladder may be destroyed and the gallbladder may rupture.
- Some patients develop jaundice.
- Infections can occur in the liver or pancreas.
- The gallbladder may form adhesion with the lower surface of the liver
How cholecystitis acute is diagnosed?
Doctors diagnose cholecystitis based on the patient’s symptoms and examination.
The following tests have to be done after the examination by the doctor. The diagnosis of cholecystitis is then confirmed.
- Blood test – It is important to have a blood test to see if there is an infection in the blood or if there is increase in any gallbladder markers.
- Sonography – Sonography is performed to find out if the gallbladder is inflamed or if there is a blockage in the gallbladder.
- CT scan – A CT scan clearly shows the size of the gallbladder and the changes that have taken place in it.
- Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography – This test is done to see if there is an obstruction in the gallbladder.
- Hepatobiliary immuno diacetic acid scan – This scan is performed to examine the hepatic ducts in the liver.
Not all tests are performed in every patient. But necessary tests are done on the patient.
What is the treatment for acute cholecystitis?
If your child is diagnosed with acute cholecystitis, he or she may need to be hospitalized.
The size of the gall stones range from minute sand particles upto 5 cm as well. So If stone is making patient uncomfortable and symptomatic then it will be the indication for the surgery. If it is asymptomatic then conservative treatment is given. Asymptomatic patient may come in emergency at any time, so it is always better to consult your surgeon and do surgery electively.
If your child has been diagnosed with cholecystitis chronic and the abdominal pain can be cured with medication, the medication is given in the outpatient department and sometimes surgery may be advised.
If the patient needs to be admitted to the hospital, he is treated as follows.
1) The patient cannot be given anything to eat orally for some time. This relieves the inflamed gallbladder
2) IV Fluids are given to the patient so that the patient gets the required food through IV fluids and also does not dehydrate due to hunger.
3) Injections are given to reduce abdominal pain.
4) Antibiotics can be given to reduce stomach infections.
If your child is diagnosed with cholecystitis acute, doctors recommend surgery to remove his/her gallbladder. This operation is called a cholecystectomy.
Removing the gallbladder completely reduces the risk of cholecystitis. When the gallbladder is removed, there is no room for bile to accumulate, so bile is released from the liver directly into the small intestine.
How is gallbladder surgery performed?
Gallbladder surgery is performed by conventional (open) or laparoscopy.
In the conventional method, the gallbladder is removed by making an incision on the abdomen. But in laparoscopy, two to four small incisions are made in the abdomen and the gallbladder is removed with the help of laparoscope and laparoscopic instruments. This procedure is called as laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
Laparoscopic removal of the gallbladder is more beneficial than open surgery for patient.
In open surgery, the patient is completely anesthetized, a large incision is made in the abdomen and the patient has to stay in the hospital for 5-6 days, which increases the cost of hospital stay.
In laparoscopy surgery the patient is completely anesthetized, 2-4 small incisions are made in the abdomen, hospitalization is required for only 2 days which also reduces the cost of hospital stay.
If the gallbladder condition is very complicated during laparoscopy operation, open surgery may be required. But the conversion of open surgery to laparoscopy incidence is very low.
Wounds after the operation need to be kept dry. It is important to take the medicine prescribed by the doctor on time. Patient should take rest and do not lift heavy weights and follow up visit to the surgeon after 7-8 days.
Even after understanding all the above information about cholecystitis, if you have any doubts, please comment. If you liked the article about gallbladder, be sure to share.
Frequently Asked Questions
Are gallbladder stones soluble?
Gallstones are not soluble. It takes many months of medication to dissolve it. And this kind of treatment is very expensive.
Is surgery the only treatment for gallbladder problems?
Gallbladder infections are frequent and it is important to have gallbladder surgery to avoid recurrence.
What is the treatment if there are stones in the gallbladder and there is no symptoms?
In such cases, the doctor prescribes medication to the patient, but if the problem persists, it is important to consult the doctor for examination.
What changes occur in the body after gallbladder surgery?
Nothing. The gallbladder is not a vital organ, so removing it does not have any side effects on the body. In this case, the bile formed in the liver goes directly to the small intestine.
Does gallbladder surgery cause any problems?
No. Gallbladder surgery is performed under anesthesia so it does not cause any discomfort. There may be a slight pain in the abdomen after the operation. But medicines are given to reduce this pain.
Can there be any complications in gallbladder operation?
Rarely, if a stone remains in a large bile duct after gallbladder surgery, endoscopic retrograde cholangio pancreatography may be needed to remove it.
What should be the diet after gallbladder surgery?
Drink plenty of water.
Eating a high fiber diet
Eating low fat foods
Avoid eating flour
What causes infection of gall bladder ?
Most commonly gallstone, biliary duct blockage, viral infection causes infection of gall bladder.
What are side effects of removing gall bladder ?
As the source of bile get cut, it may lead to indigestion, diarrahea, constipation in the patients after removing gall bladder.
At what size of gallstone surgery is indicated?
If you have gallstone and you are symptomatic then surgery is indicated. If you have gallstone but you are asymptomatic then conserative treatment may be given.
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